Kazakhstan's Ministry of Labour and Social Protection reports that 21.3 thousand ethnic Kazakhs 'Kandas' migrated to the country in 2023, 9.2% of them from Turkmenistan.
More than half of the migrants arriving in Kazakhstan - 50.3% - come from Uzbekistan, 21.5% from China and 10.2% from Mongolia. The number of ethnic migrants of working age was 60.2%.
"In 2023, 2126 Kandas received various support measures. In particular, 735 people were employed in permanent jobs, 2126 people received one-off subsidies and 694 Kandas received subsidised housing costs." In total, 1.1mn ethnic Kazakhs have returned to the republic since 1991.
Kazakhs in Turkmenistan are the fourth largest diaspora, having long lived in the western region of the country, around the Caspian cities of Krasnovodsk (now Turkmenbashi) and Bekdash.
Kazakhstan's State Statistics Committee previously reported that the total number of migrants from Turkmenistan to Kazakhstan between 1991 and 2014 was around 65,000.
Eziz Boyarov
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