Tajikistan increased its electricity production by 12.2% in the first half of 2025, generating nearly 11.8bn kilowatt-hours (kWh), according to Asia Plus, citing the Ministry of Energy and Water Resources.
Despite the growth in output, the sector is under strain due to a significant accumulation of unpaid electricity bills. As of July, total debt for electricity consumption stands at TJS 4.47bn ($468mn), marking an increase of TJS 340.5mn ($35.7mn) —or 8.2%—since the beginning of the year.
Residential customers account for the largest share of this debt, collectively owing around TJS 1.7bn ($178.4mn). Other major debtors include the Tajik Aluminum Company (TALCO), with TJS 718mn ($75.4mn) in unpaid bills; the Agency for Land Reclamation and Irrigation, owing TJS 238.1mn ($24.9mn); federally funded institutions, with TJS 108.3mn ($11.4mn); and the State Unitary Enterprise Tajikvodokanal, responsible for TJS 16.4mn ($1.7mn). The growing arrears from both households and key public institutions present a financial challenge for the energy sector.
While domestic payments lag, electricity exports are rising sharply. In the first six months of 2025, Tajikistan exported 1.12bn kWh of electricity, earning TJS 322.6mn ($33.8mn) in revenue. This represents a 56.4% increase in export volume compared to the same period in 2024.
Afghanistan was the primary recipient, importing 718mn kWh valued at TJS 312mn ($32.7mn). Uzbekistan followed with 395.8mn kWh worth TJS 9mn ($944,459), while other countries accounted for 9.5mn kWh and TJS 1.6mn ($167,925) in earnings.
At the same time, Tajikistan continues to experience high system-wide electricity losses. In the reporting period, 2.26bn kWh—around 17.2% of total production—was lost. Although significant, this figure reflects a 3.3% improvement over last year.
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