Uzbekistan’s population surpassed 38.23mn as of January 1, 2026, reflecting annual growth of 1.8%, according to official statistics. The population included 19.25mn men and 19mn women, with Samarkand (4.38mn) and Fergana (4.22mn) remaining the most populous regions.
Births in Uzbekistan fell to their lowest level in five years in 2025, with 879,600 children born nationwide. Of these, 454,700 were boys and 424,900 girls. Samarkand recorded the highest number of births at 106,200, followed by Fergana with 98,300.
512,000 women aged 25–39 accounted for 58% of total births in 2025, while mothers under 25 accounted for about 40%, or 355,100 births. Compared with 2024, total births declined by 46,800, or 5%. Births reached a five-year high of 962,000 in 2023, with totals also exceeding 900,000 in 2021 and 2022.
Deaths continued to rise for the third consecutive year, though remaining significantly below birth levels. In 2025, a total of 177,100 deaths were registered, including 97,500 men and 79,600 women. Cardiovascular diseases remained the leading cause of death, accounting for about 104,600 cases, followed by cancer and respiratory illnesses.
Demographic indicators also show gradual ageing. In 2025, the average age of women reached 30.1 years and men 28.6 years, with the highest averages recorded in Tashkent city. Life expectancy increased from 73.8 years in 2021 to 75.1 years by the end of 2024, with the highest level—76.8 years—registered in the capital.
Earlier statistics show that more than 21mn people in Uzbekistan were of working age in 2025, up from 20.7mn a year earlier, continuing a steady increase in the labour force.
