“Over the last two and a half years, we’ve witnessed an unprecedented rise in interest from Brussels and EU member states toward Central Asia,” stated Henrik Hololei, EU Hors Classe, in an interview with Daryo. Hololei elaborated on the European Union’s aims in the region, stressing that as Central Asia, particularly Uzbekistan, becomes increasingly significant in today’s geopolitical context, EU efforts are focusing on connectivity, critical raw materials, and sustainable development.
Hololei explained, “There’s been a steady flow of high-level visits from European leaders, including the Chancellor of Germany and the Presidents of France, Italy, and Germany, which signals a peak in EU engagement here.” This intensifying focus, he noted, demonstrates the EU’s commitment to fostering a stronger partnership in a region he described as essential to Europe’s future.
The War in Ukraine as a Catalyst for Engagement
Hololei acknowledged that recent global conflicts, particularly the war in Ukraine, have accelerated Europe’s engagement with Central Asia. “The conflict in Ukraine has acted as a catalyst, underscoring the urgency of diversifying Europe’s partnerships and supply chains,” he explained.
As traditional trade routes and energy supplies from Eastern Europe have been disrupted, Central Asia’s strategic position as a link between Europe and Asia has become increasingly attractive. “It’s clear that Central Asia offers an alternative corridor and stable partnerships that can help meet Europe’s needs during this challenging time,” Hololei stated.
Hololei highlighted that this shift in priorities has led Europe to explore the Trans-Caspian Transport Corridor with new urgency.
“We’re actively working with Central Asian partners to develop secure and efficient connections, bypassing volatile regions while creating mutual economic opportunities,” he said.
Investing in Resources and Infrastructure
At the core of the EU’s Global Gateway Strategy is an emphasis on sustainable, mutually beneficial partnerships with Central Asian nations. This initiative supports areas like energy transition, climate resilience, health, and education, with a key component focusing on digital and physical connectivity.
Hololei detailed, “We’re developing projects that not only improve infrastructure but also include digital solutions, such as an ambitious satellite project to bring internet access to remote areas.”
Regarding critical raw materials, Hololei commented, “The cooperation in critical raw materials is perhaps our newest area of engagement, yet it holds the highest potential. Central Asian nations like Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan are rich in rare earth elements, and we aim to help them retain added value locally through refining and manufacturing, creating jobs and boosting economic resilience.”
Hololei contrasted the EU’s approach with what he called “corrosive capital” seen in some other investments. “Corrosive capital only seeks to extract resources without supporting local development. Such investments may bring short-term gains but often leave countries burdened with debt,” he warned. “The EU, on the other hand, aims to foster true partnerships, helping to build local industries and retain value in the country.”
Enhancing Connectivity: The Trans-Caspian Transport Corridor
One major infrastructure project, the Trans-Caspian Transport Corridor, aims to link Europe and Central Asia via a secure trade route. The EU has outlined more than 40 projects worth around $18.5bn that are needed to make this corridor operational.
“We’re developing this corridor with Central Asian partners, and while challenges exist—such as cross-border logistics and affordability—there’s strong determination to succeed,” Hololei said. He highlighted digital solutions like electronic freight documents and streamlined border crossings as essential components to accelerate trade along this route.
Stability in Central Asia: A Key Advantage
Hololei emphasized that Central Asia’s stability sets it apart in today’s turbulent global landscape. “This is one of the most stable regions currently,” he remarked, noting the strong tradition of cooperation between Central Asian nations. “Even when disputes arise, like recent border issues between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, they’ve been resolved through diplomacy.”
He pointed out that stability makes Central Asia an attractive choice for investment, adding, “Compared to many parts of the world, Central Asia’s stability and cooperative nature create a reliable environment for long-term partnerships. Of course, there’s work to be done to enhance the business climate, but the foundation here is solid.”
Toward Regional Integration?
When asked about the possibility of a common market in Central Asia, Hololei expressed optimism while acknowledging challenges. “The region shares a common history and a stable environment, but much of its connectivity has been oriented north-south due to the legacy of Soviet-era infrastructure,” he observed.
Hololei explained that Central Asian countries currently favor a looser cooperative model through the CA5 grouping but that the EU stands ready to support them, however they decide to integrate. “It’s up to these nations to decide, and we’re here to assist, whether through individual partnerships or regional collaboration.”
A Positive Future for EU-Uzbekistan Relations
In closing, Hololei described Central Asia’s stability and cooperative spirit as offering a promising investment climate amid global uncertainties.
“Stability and a positive example of cooperation set Central Asia apart,” he noted, encouraging investors to recognize this unique opportunity. With Uzbekistan nearing WTO accession and in continued negotiations with the EU, Hololei expressed confidence in a forthcoming EU-Uzbekistan agreement.
“We’re here to stay, and we look forward to a thriving partnership with Uzbekistan and Central Asia as a whole,” he concluded.
Hololei’s message is clear: a collaborative, sustainable future awaits, where Central Asia and the EU can grow together through strategic, equitable partnerships.
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